March+11+Meeting

I. Generalized Anxiety a. lasts 1-10 minutes; feels like dying b. often mistaken for a heart attack, but further tests show it is a panic attack. c. [vocab] etiology - causation d. can occur to pampered children whose parents haven't allowed them to develop coping techniques. e. can occur to children whose parents are too unrealistic in their expectations, which sets kids up for failure. f. children can model stressful behavior; can be genetic.

II. Phobic Disorders a. Categories i. specific phobias of a particular object, animal, activity, etc. ii. social phobias - general fear of going out to eat / going to school a. Agoraphobia - afraid of going into the public iii. how the 2 categories are similar - both result in person feeling a loss of control. b. sometimes specific phobias better than generalized anxiety because they narrow-down the anxiety to something specific. i. sometimes people can avoid the catalyst of panic attacks, but only if the fear isn't instrumental in everyday life. a. ie: snakes, peanut butter

III. OCD a. Freudian approach - experience high guilt for some reason, which results in obsession. b. Treatment - therapy & anti-anxiety medication

IV. PTSD a. Used to be called shell-shock, named after the traumatic experiences of war veterans. b. Longer the delay without intervention, the worse the PTSD is. c. PTSD's brought on when an event is unexpected. Causes the person to pass their **breaking point** - when a person's coping mechanisms are no longer sufficient

V. Conversion Disorder - type of **somatoform disorder** a. Anxiety converted into a physical symptom, but there is no long-term physical damage typically b. Examples - paralysis, deafness. c. Example of a situation - A person has a big audition the following day that could make or break his or her career; they're excited but at the same time apprehensive. The morning of the audition the person wakes up with a sore throat and can't speak. The person's dilemma of wanting to go but being afraid is solved for him or her because the body cannot physically perform.

VI. Hypochondriasis a. Pain's imagined; people are highly suggestible to believe they have every new medical problem.

VII. Schizophrenia & Mood Disorders a. affective disorders= emotional disorders b. What is schizophrenia? - someone with this disorder would think of the different connotations of a word such as "chest" if a person told them their chest hurt (they were having a heart attack). The person would not think of the human body, rather, they would think of a treasure chest and pirates and not react to the person's medical needs. c. schizophrenics make word salads - string of words that aren't related to each other. d. schizophrenics don't have a reality because they recoil from the world and live in a fantasy that they've created. e. schizophrenics are easily upset or entirely unaware. Also, they react to situations inappropriately; their emotions are not in-line with the circumstances (such as laughing when told that a relative had passed away).

IIX. Kinds of Delusions (along with slide #43) a. paranoia - complex and bizarre; beliefs are unwavering because they truly believe them. b. delusions of grandeur - grandiose beliefs in which the person has an amazing ability / high intellect (ex: overcoming gravity). Person also might believe that they are an important historical figure. c. Nihilistic - delusions of impending doom d. Hypochondriacal delusions - imagined ailments

IX. Catatonic Schizophrenia a. Motor impairment b. 3 states of this: 1. catatonia - blocks out world and stays in a certain position for hours or days. If a person tries to move them, a bone could likely be broken. 2. waxy-flexibility - person allows oneself to be moved but remains where they are, in a fixed pose, when not being moved. 3. catatonic excitement - state of intense agitation and a person gets a rush of adrenaline; doctors often use cold towels that they put all over the patients body to release the heat / tension and cool / calm the person down. Also, doctors use pink rooms to calm patients because of the pink soothing color.

X. Severity of Schizophrenia a. 1/3 in late adolescence / college age - hospitalized for some time and put on medication. Are released from the hopsital and never experience the symptoms again. b. 1/3 high school students who are sent to the hospital and are released and are fine for some time, but then have another episode. This becomes a recurring thing. c. 1/3 10 and under who are hospitalized and may never leave. The average age before modern medication existed was thirteen years.

//Sorry that the outline is messed up; Wikispaces didn't like my formatting. These notes were taken in addition to the slides on the handout from Mr. Widener. Please follow along with the slides! ~ Meaghan Charlton (AP Psych C Block Day 2)//